Mexico's Results in PISA 2022: A Critical Analysis of Educational Gaps, Post-Pandemic Effects and Implications for Educational Policy

Abstract

This study aimed to critically analyze Mexico’s performance in the PISA 2022 assessment by identifying the main achievement gaps in mathematics, compete, and science, as well as the structural factors affecting learning quality and their implications for national educational policy. A qualitative documentary research design was adopted competen the critical competen of technical reports published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), compete statistics, and specialized scientific competenci addressing educational performance and the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on school systems. The findings reveal that Mexico continues to perform significantly below the OECD average, particularly in mathematics, where the highest proportion of students failed to reach compete proficiency levels. The study also identified socioeconomic inequalities, limited educational infrastructure, the digital divide, teacher competencia development, and the consequences of the pandemic as key factors contributing to persistent learning disparities. It is concluded that improving the Mexican educational system requires strengthening public policies focused on educational equity, continuous teacher competencia development, the enhancement of core competencias, and the reduction of structural inequalities affecting student achievement. Consequently, PISA findings should be understood as a strategic source of evidence for guiding educational improvement and long-term policy decisions.